GERD, or Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, is a chronic condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation. Here's an overview of its symptoms, treatment options, and diagnosis/testing procedures.
Heartburn: Burning sensation in the chest, often after eating or at night.
Regurgitation: Sour-tasting fluid backing up into the throat or mouth.
Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing.
Chest pain: Often mistaken for a heart attack.
Chronic cough: Especially at night.
Laryngitis: Hoarseness or sore throat.
Dental erosion: Acid can damage tooth enamel over time.
Lifestyle Changes:
Elevate the head of your bed.
Avoid trigger foods and drinks (e.g., spicy, fatty, or acidic foods; caffeine; alcohol).
Surgery: In severe cases, where medications and lifestyle changes are ineffective, surgical procedures such as fundoplication may be considered to strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) or create a barrier to prevent reflux.
Medical History and Physical Examination: The doctor will review your symptoms and medical history and may perform a physical examination.
Endoscopy: A flexible tube with a camera is passed down your throat to examine the esophagus and stomach lining for inflammation and signs of damage.
Esophageal pH Monitoring: This test measures the amount of acid in your esophagus over a 24-hour period.
Esophageal Manometry: This test measures the strength and coordination of the muscles in your esophagus.
Barium Swallow X-ray: You swallow a chalky liquid that coats the esophagus and stomach, then X-rays are taken to detect any abnormalities.
Ambulatory Acid (pH) Probe Test: A thin tube is inserted through your nose into the esophagus to measure acid levels over 24 hours.
Upper Endoscopy: A procedure in which a thin, flexible tube equipped with a camera is inserted down your throat to examine the esophagus and stomach lining.